Preheat oven to 325°F. Season the chuck roast generously with salt and pepper on all sides.
Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven over medium-high heat. Sear the roast for 3-4 minutes per side until well browned. Remove and set aside.
Add onions to the same pot and cook for 3-4 minutes until softened. Add garlic and cook for another minute.
Pour in apple cider, beef broth, and apple cider vinegar, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom.
Return the roast to the pot and add bay leaves, thyme, and rosemary. Add carrots and celery around the roast.
Bring to a simmer, cover with lid, and transfer to preheated oven.
Braise for 2.5-3 hours until meat is fork-tender and easily shreds.
Remove herbs and bay leaves. If desired, thicken the braising liquid by mixing cornstarch with 2 tablespoons cold water and stirring into the pot.